2 results
Is there a relationship between morphological and functional platelet changes and depressive disorder?
- Claudia Tagliarini, Manuel Glauco Carbone, Giovanni Pagni, Donatella Marazziti, Nunzio Pomara
-
- Journal:
- CNS Spectrums / Volume 27 / Issue 2 / April 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 23 October 2020, pp. 157-190
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
Background
Blood platelets, due to shared biochemical and functional properties with presynaptic serotonergic neurons, constituted, over the years, an attractive peripheral biomarker of neuronal activity. Therefore, the literature strongly focused on the investigation of eventual structural and functional platelet abnormalities in neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly in depressive disorder. Given their impact in biological psychiatry, the goal of the present paper was to review and critically analyze studies exploring platelet activity, functionality, and morpho-structure in subjects with depressive disorder.
MethodsAccording to the PRISMA guidelines, we performed a systematic review through the PubMed database up to March 2020 with the search terms: (1) platelets in depression [Title/Abstract]”; (2) “(platelets[Title]) AND depressive disorder[Title/Abstract]”; (3) “(Platelet[Title]) AND major depressive disorder[Title]”; (4) (platelets[Title]) AND depressed[Title]”; (5) (platelets[Title]) AND depressive episode[Title]”; (6) (platelets[Title]) AND major depression[Title]”; (7) platelet activation in depression[All fields]”; and (8) platelet reactivity in depression[All fields].”
ResultsAfter a detailed screening analysis and the application of specific selection criteria, we included in our review a total of 106 for qualitative synthesis. The studies were classified into various subparagraphs according to platelet characteristics analyzed: serotonergic system (5-HT2A receptors, SERT activity, and 5-HT content), adrenergic system, MAO activity, biomarkers of activation, responsivity, morphological changes, and other molecular pathways.
ConclusionsDespite the large amount of the literature examined, nonunivocal and, occasionally, conflicting results emerged. However, the findings on structural and metabolic alterations, modifications in the expression of specific proteins, changes in the aggregability, or in the responsivity to different pro-activating stimuli, may be suggestive of potential platelet dysfunctions in depressed subjects, which would result in a kind of hyperreactive state. This condition could potentially lead to an increased cardiovascular risk. In line with this hypothesis, we speculated that antidepressant treatments would seem to reduce this hyperreactivity while representing a potential tool for reducing cardiovascular risk in depressed patients and, maybe, in other neuropsychiatric conditions. However, the problem of the specificity of platelet biomarkers is still at issue and would deserve to be deepened in future studies.
The recency ratio as predictor of early MCI
- Davide Bruno, Rebecca L. Koscik, John L. Woodard, Nunzio Pomara, Sterling C. Johnson
-
- Journal:
- International Psychogeriatrics / Volume 30 / Issue 12 / December 2018
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 18 April 2018, pp. 1883-1888
-
- Article
- Export citation
-
Objectives:
Individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) present poor immediate primacy recall accompanied by intact or exaggerated recency, which then tends to decline after a delay. Bruno et al. (Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, Vol. 38, 2016, pp. 967–973) have shown that higher ratio scores between immediate and delayed recency (i.e. the recency ratio; Rr) are associated with cognitive decline in high-functioning older individuals. We tested whether Rr predicted conversion to early mild cognitive impairment (early MCI) from a cognitively healthy baseline.
Design:Data were analyzed longitudinally with binomial regression. Baseline scores were used to predict conversion to early MCI after approximately nine years. Setting: Data were collected at the Wisconsin Registry of Alzheimer's Prevention, in Madison, Wisconsin.
Participants:For the study, 427 individuals were included in the analysis; all participants were 50 years of age or older and cognitively intact at baseline, and were native English speakers.
Measurements:Memory data were collected using the Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning Test, and the early MCI diagnosis was obtained via consensus conference.
Results:Our results showed that higher Rr scores are correlated with greater risk of later early MCI diagnosis, and this association is independent of total recall performance.
Conclusions:Rr is an emerging cognitive marker of cognitive decline.